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Regional Geopolitics

Factum Perspective: Green Promises, Old Powers – Democratizing Renewable Energy Transitions in Sri Lanka and beyond

By Verangika Upananda As South Asia grapples with rising energy demands, economic uncertainties, and commitments under international climate agreements, it is increasingly poised to adopt renewable energy as the path forward. However, the energy transition from fossil fuel to renewable energy is fundamentally a political rather than a technical or financial one. In Sri Lanka,…

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Factum Perspective: Caught in the Crossfire – Sri Lanka Amid the India-Pakistan Conflict

By Hirun Matheesha Two months ago, Sri Lanka found itself in a particularly delicate diplomatic position as a result of the sharp rise in tensions between India and Pakistan following the Pahalgam attacks. Sri Lanka has long taken pride in remaining non-aligned with rival regional powers. Yet throughout its modern history, it has been caught…

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Factum Perspective: Can Israel Sustain a Long War Against Iran?

By Vinod Moonesinghe On June 13, 2025, Israel launched an air assault on targets in Iran, managing to terminate with extreme prejudice several top Iranian commanders and scores of civilians. However, this did not decapitate the Iranian military, which responded with a barrage of missiles. These hit military targets, including “Israel’s Pentagon”, its central military…

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Factum Perspective: Navigating China’s Role – Fostering the Blue Dragon Strategy in the Indo Pacific Region

By Kividi Koralage The Indo-Pacific region is an expansive and strategically significant area that stretches from the eastern coast of Africa, across the vast expanse of the Indian Ocean, and extends to the western and central Pacific Ocean. This region encompasses a diverse array of countries, including those in East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia…

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Factum Perspective: From Hashtags to Ballot Boxes – The Digital Battle for Australia 2025

By Chenuka Elwitigala “They are delulu with no solulu, Mr Speaker.” Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese grabbed attention of netizens worldwide with this statement, a rather irresistible dish of Gen Z slang, during his 2025 budget speech. Within hours, memes flooded TikTok and Instagram reels spread far and wide, and the phrase was trending worldwide.…

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Factum Perspective: When Borders Boil, Rivers Run Dry – Kashmir Tensions Shake India-Pakistan Water Diplomacy

By Lakmali Bhagya Manamperi On April 22, a deadly terrorist attack in the Baisaran Valley near Pahalgam, located in Indian-administered Jammu & Kashmir, resulted in the deaths of 26 individuals, the majority of whom were Indian tourists. This marked the deadliest incident in the contested territory since the 2019 Pulwama bombing, where a suicide attack…

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Factum Special Perspective: Tempting Escalation – After Operation Sindoor

By Uditha Devapriya With India and Pakistan baying for each other’s blood and the media in both countries, and particularly in India, beating war drums, it would be futile to expect a lessening of tensions overnight. The problem is that this is not the world of 2016 or 2019: when disputes between the two countries…

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Factum Perspective: Katchatheevu and the Indian Media – Some Candid Reflections

By Rear Admiral Y. N. Jayarathna (Retd.) The St Anthony’s Church festival in Katchatheevu recently wrapped up for the year. As has been the case for the past many years, both Sri Lankan and Indian Central governments worked hard to ensure that the festival took place with due respect for religious formalities, involving devotees from…

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Factum Perspective: Decolonisation Delayed – The Ongoing Struggle for the Chagos Islands

By Hannes Romare Exclusive to Factum from EPIS Thinktank on Foreign and Security Policy The Chagos Islands, or The British Indian Ocean Territory? Is the Chagos archipelago a part of Mauritius or does it belong to the United Kingdom? These questions will soon get a definite answer as a deal on the status of the…

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Factum Special Perspective: The Fall of a House of Cards – A Global Reckoning in 2024

By Deshani Samaragunarathna The year 2024 has been one marked by global tumult, with the world seemingly lurching from one crisis to another. From the Ukrainian frontlines to the simmering Middle East, to the escalating conflicts across Africa, and the erosion of liberal democracies in the West, the international system appears on the verge of…

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